The effects of duration of mesenteric artery ligation to the ratio of TNF-/IL-10 in a rat model of Acute Mesenteric Ischemia (AMI)

ABSTRACT

Background : Acute Mesenteric Ischemia (AMI) has a high mortality rate as a result of the delay in diagnosis in patients. Determination of potent biomarker for early AMI is the key to reducing the high mortality rate associated with AMI. As a proinflammatory cytokine, the level of TNF-α might be affected during the ischemia and reperfusion, with the prediction duration of 60-120 minutes. High level of TNF-α is estimated to stimulate the upregulation of IL-10 as an inhibitor of TNF-α in AMI. This provides a new opportunity for early diagnosis of AMI by measuring the ratio between the two cytokines. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of duration of the mesenteric artery to the ratio of TNF-α/IL-10 in a rat model of AMI.

Material and Methods : This was an experimental study using Wistar rat as the animal model. We performed mesenteric artery in 28 male rats to produce a model of AMI, with ligation duration of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. At the end of ligation of each group, blood samples were taken for examination of TNF-α and IL-10 using ELISA. As for the microscopic examination of tissue necrosis, intestinal organ samples were taken and made into paraffin blocks and stained using Haematoxylin-Eosin.

Results : TNF-α was found increased in minute 120 compared to other treatment groups (p<0.05). IL-10 was found to be increased in minute 180 compared to control group (p<0.05). Microscopic examination showed that the duration of ligation affects the structure and morphology of intestinal mucosa characterized by discoloration of organs along with increasing the ligation duration.

Conclusion : Ligation of the superior mesenteric artery was found to be significantly increased the expression TNF-α and offset by increased expression of IL-10. Besides, we expected the protective effect of IL-10 as a biomarker candidate of AMI. This can be seen at least in 180 minutes after an elevated level of TNF-α in ischemia duration of 120 minutes.